FAQ

Q: What is Krashen's theory of language acquisition?

A: Krashen's theory of language acquisition, also known as the Input Hypothesis, posits that language acquisition occurs when learners are exposed to comprehensible input that is slightly beyond their current level of proficiency. According to Krashen, language acquisition is a subconscious process that occurs through exposure to meaningful language input in a low-anxiety environment.

Q: What is comprehensible input?

A: Comprehensible input is language input that learners can understand, even if they don't know all the words or structures used. It is language input that is just beyond the learner's current level of proficiency, so that they are challenged but not overwhelmed.

Q: How can I provide myself with comprehensible input?

A: You can provide yourself with comprehensible input by reading books or articles, listening to podcasts or audiobooks, watching movies or TV shows, or engaging in conversations with native speakers. It's important to choose materials that are slightly challenging but still understandable.

Q: Do I need to study grammar to learn a language?

A: According to Krashen, explicit grammar instruction is not necessary for language acquisition to occur. However, some learners may find it helpful to study grammar rules as a way of making sense of the language input they are receiving.

Q: How important is vocabulary in language learning?

A: Vocabulary is a crucial component of language learning, as learners need to know a certain number of words in order to understand and produce meaningful language. Krashen recommends that learners focus on acquiring vocabulary through exposure to comprehensible input, rather than through rote memorization.

Q: What is the affective filter?

A: The affective filter is a psychological barrier that can prevent language acquisition from occurring. According to Krashen, a low-anxiety environment is necessary for language acquisition to occur, as anxiety can raise the affective filter and make it more difficult for learners to process language input.

Q: How can I lower my affective filter?

A: You can lower your affective filter by creating a low-anxiety environment for language learning. This might involve finding a supportive language learning community, using materials that are slightly challenging but still comprehensible, and focusing on communication rather than perfection.

Q: How long does it take to learn a language?

A: The amount of time it takes to learn a language varies depending on factors such as the learner's motivation, the amount of time they spend practicing, and the complexity of the language. According to Krashen, language acquisition is a gradual, ongoing process that occurs over time with consistent exposure to comprehensible input.

See  Books and Articles by Stephen D Krashen (sdkrashen.com) for more information.